金屬的電化序就是將金屬（或氫）按照形成離子的傾向的強弱進行排列所得的序列（如右表所示）。結合金屬的活性序，判斷以下哪些描述是正確的？
金屬的電化序與金屬的活性序完全相同
金屬的電化序只涉及金屬形成離子的相對傾向
除鈣外，金屬的活潑性越高，其原子越易失去電子，形成離子的傾向越強
組成化學電池的兩種金屬在電化序中的距離越遠，電池的電壓越高
組成化學電池的兩種金屬在電化序中的距離越遠，電池的電壓越低
若要使電壓的值為正，電化序上方的金屬應連接在萬用表的正端鈕
題解
| 金屬的電化序 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 金屬離子 | 金屬 | |||
| \({{\text{K}}^{\text{+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \({{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{K}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{C}{{\text{a}}^{\text{2+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Ca}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{N}{{\text{a}}^{\text{+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \({{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Na}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{M}{{\text{g}}^{\text{2+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Mg}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{A}{{\text{l}}^{\text{3+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{3}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Al}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{Z}{{\text{n}}^{\text{2+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Zn}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{F}{{\text{e}}^{\text{2+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Fe}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{P}{{\text{b}}^{\text{2+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Pb}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{2}{{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \({{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}\left( \text{g} \right)\) |
| \(\text{C}{{\text{u}}^{\text{2+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \(\text{2}{{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Cu}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{A}{{\text{g}}^{\text{+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \({{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Ag}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |
| \(\text{A}{{\text{u}}^{\text{+}}}\left( \text{aq} \right)\) | \(+\) | \({{\text{e}}^{-}}\) | \(\rightleftharpoons \) | \(\text{Au}\left( \text{s} \right)\) |